Recent Advances in the Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks in Extraction: A Review.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of emerging materials that are synthesized based on the covalent bonds between different building blocks. COFs possess unique attributes in terms of high porosity, tunable structure, ordered channels, easy modification, large surface area, and great physical and chemical stability. Due to these features, COFs have been extensively applied as adsorbents in various extraction modes. Enhanced extraction performance could be reached with modified COFs, where COFs are presented as composites with other materials including nanomaterials, carbon and its derivatives, silica, metal-organic frameworks, molecularly imprinted polymers, etc. This review article describes the recent advances, developments, and applications of COF-based materials being utilized as adsorbents in the extraction methods. The COFs, their properties, their synthesis approaches as well as their composite structures are reviewed. Most importantly, suggested mechanisms for the extraction of analyte(s) by COF-based materials are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of COF-based materials in extraction methods are summarized and considered in order to provide more insights into this field.

Polyoxometalate-based materials in extraction, and electrochemical and optical detection methods: A review.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) as metal-oxide anions have exceptional properties like high negative charges, remarkable redox abilities, unique ligand properties and availability of organic grafting. Moreover, the amenability of POMs to modification with different materials makes them suitable as precursors to further obtain new composites. Due to their unique attributes, POMs and their composites have been utilized as adsorbents, electrodes and catalysts in extraction, and electrochemical and optical detection methods, respectively. A survey of the recent progress and developments of POM-based materials in these methods is therefore desirable, and should be of great interest. In this review article, POM-based materials, their properties as well as their identification methods, and analytical applications as adsorbents, electrodes and catalysts, and corresponding mechanisms of action, where relevant, are reviewed. Some current issues of the utilization of these materials and their future prospects in analytical chemistry are discussed.

Applications of covalent organic frameworks and their composites in the extraction of pesticides from different samples.

Pesticides are used extensively in a wide range of applications and due to their high rate of consumption, they are ubiquitous in the different media and samples like environment, water sources, air, soil, biological materials, wastes (liquids, solids or sludges), vegetables and fruits, where they can persist for long periods. Pesticides often have hazardous side effects and can cause a range of harmful diseases like Parkinson, Alzheimer, asthma, depression and anxiety, cancer, etc, even at low concentrations. To this end, extraction, pre-concentration and determination of pesticides from various samples presents significant challenges caused by sample complexity and the low concentrations of them in many samples. Often, direct extraction and determination of pesticides are impossible due to their low concentrations and the complexity of samples. The main goals of sample preparation are removing interfering species, pre-concentrating target analyte/s and converting the analytes into more stable forms (when needed). The most popular approach is solid-phase extraction due to its simplicity, efficiency, ease of operation and low cost. This method is based on using a wide variety of materials, among which covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be identified as an emerging class of highly versatile materials exhibiting advantageous properties, such as a porous and crystalline structure, pre-designable structure, high physical and chemical stability, ease of modification, high surface area and high adsorption capacity. The present review will cover recent developments in synthesis and applications of COFs and their composites for extraction of pesticides, different synthesis approaches of COFs, possible mechanisms for interaction of COFs-based adsorbents with pesticides and finally, future prospects and challenges in the fabrication and utilization of COFs and their composites for extraction of pesticides.

Carbon nanomaterials as emerging nanotherapeutic platforms to tackle the rising tide of cancer - A review.

Cancer has become one of the main reasons for human death in recent years. Around 18 million new cancer cases and approximately 9.6 million deaths from cancer reported in 2018, and the annual number of cancer cases will have increased to 22 million in the next two decades. These alarming facts have rekindled researchers' attention to develop and apply different approaches for cancer therapy. Unfortunately, most of the applied methods for cancer therapy not only have adverse side effects like toxicity and damage of healthy cells but also have a short lifetime. To this end, introducing innovative and effective methods for cancer therapy is vital and necessary. Among different potential materials, carbon nanomaterials can cope with the rising threats of cancer. Due to unique physicochemical properties of different carbon nanomaterials including carbon, fullerene, carbon dots, graphite, single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, they exhibit possibilities to address the drawbacks for cancer therapy. Carbon nanomaterials are prodigious materials due to their ability in drug delivery or remedial of small molecules. Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials can improve the cancer therapy process and decrement the side effects. These exceptional traits make carbon nanomaterials as versatile and prevalent materials for application in cancer therapy. This article spotlights the recent findings in cancer therapy using carbon nanomaterials (2015-till now). Different types of carbon nanomaterials and their utilization in cancer therapy were highlighted. The plausible mechanisms for the action of carbon nanomaterials in cancer therapy were elucidated and the advantages and disadvantages of each material were also illustrated. Finally, the current problems and future challenges for cancer therapy based on carbon nanomaterials were discussed.

Recent advances in covalent organic frameworks for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

In recent years, the number of patients diagnosed with cancer has been soaring. Therefore, the design, development, and implementation of new approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of different types of cancers have attracted an increasing amount of attention. To date, different methods have been used for cancer diagnosis and therapy with main drawbacks in terms of severe side effects, e.g., damage to healthy cells, development of drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the introduction and application of innovative methods. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are versatile materials with excellent properties in terms of biocompatibility, porous and crystalline structure, and easy functionalization. The porous structure and organic monomers in COFs allow them to load different therapeutic drugs and/or functional species efficiently. These promising properties make COFs ideal candidates for medical application, especially in cancer diagnosis and therapy. To date, many studies have focused on the design and synthesis of novel COFs while their application as diagnostic and therapeutic materials remains less understood. In this review, different synthesis and functionalization approaches of COFs were summarized. In particular, cancer diagnosis and therapy based on COFs were investigated and the advantages and limitations of each method were discussed. Most importantly, the mechanism for cancer therapy of COFs and fundamental challenges and perspectives for the application of COFs in cancer theranostics were assessed.

Microplastic contaminants in the aqueous environment, fate, toxicity consequences, and remediation strategies.

Microplastic is a fragmented plastic part that emerges as a potential marine and terrestrial contaminant. The microplastic wastes in marine and soil environments cause severe problems in living systems. Microplastic wastes have been linked to various health problems, including reproductive harm and obesity, plus issues such as organ problems and developmental delays in children. Recycling plastic/microplastics from the environment is very low, so remediating these polymers after their utilization is of paramount concern. The microplastic causes severe toxic effects and contaminates the environment. Microplastic affects marine life, microorganism in soil, soil enzymes, plants system, and physicochemical properties. Ecotoxicology of the microplastic raised many questions about its use and development from the environment. Various physicochemical and microbial technologies have been developed for their remediation from the environment. The microplastic effects are linked with its concentration, size, and shape in contaminated environments. Microplastic is able to sorb the inorganic and organic contaminants and affect their fate into the contaminated sites. Microbial technology is considered safer for the remediation of the microplastics via its unique metabolic machinery. Bioplastic is regarded as safer and eco-friendly as compared to plastics. The review article explored an in-depth understanding of the microplastic, its fate, toxicity to the environment, and robust remediation strategies.

Mitigation of environmentally hazardous pollutants by magnetically responsive composite materials.

At present, environmental contamination has become an emerging issue among researchers. These facts are due to the adverse impacts of an alarming number of recalcitrant contaminants that can affect both humans and animals. There is an urgent need to develop eco-friendly approaches to mitigate the effects of toxic pollutants from the environment. Magnetically responsive composite-based sorbents are very interesting and popular materials for pollutant abatement owing to the high specific surface area, superior adsorption capacity, and magnetic properties, which make their easy separation from sample solution/media. In this review article, we discuss various synthesis approaches, key physicochemical properties, and applications of magnetic composites for pollutant removal. Current gaps for coping with contamination are identified, and a comprehensive outlook in pollutant treatment using magnetic composites is outlined. This study unveils new horizons to researches for better understanding the properties of magnetically-composite-based sorbents and their application in environmental remediation.

Serum Eicosapentaenoic and Arachidonic Acids Concentration and Cognitive Function in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies have shown that Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs), including Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), and Arachidonic Acid (AA), are associated with cognitive functions in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Nevertheless, controversial results have been reported, too. The current study aimed to clarify the association of serum EPA and AA levels with cognitive decline in an Iranian sample with CAD. METHODS: We evaluated cognitive function with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), in relation to serum levels of EPA and AA, in 179 CAD patients. The associations between the MMSE and MoCA scores and the other demographic parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients with CAD generally had mild cognitive impairment. But we could not find any significant correlation between PUFAs and cognitive function. However, BMI was associated with EPA/MoCA; age was associated with MMSE/MoCA and BMI. Finally, the correlation between sex and MMSE/MoCA was significant. CONCLUSION: Subjects generally had mild cognitive impairment, but we could not find any significant correlation between serum EPA and AA levels with cognitive function.

Chitosan-based hybrid materials for adsorptive removal of dyes and underlying interaction mechanisms.

Environmental pollution by dyes molecules has become a subject of intensive research in recent years due to their hazardous effects on human health, organisms, and animals. Effective treatment and removal of dye molecules from the environmental matrices and water sources are of supreme concern. The deployment of cheap, safe, green, sustainable, and eco-friendly materials to remove these pollutants from water is the main challenge during the last decades. Chitosan and its derivatives/composites, as a cheap, easily available, and environmentally friendly sorbent, have attracted increasing attention for the removal of dye molecules. This review article focuses on the application of chitosan and chitosan-based smart adsorbents for the removal of dyes. Recent methods for the preparation of chitosan-based composites and their application in the removal of dyes are discussed. Moreover, the possible mechanisms for the interaction of chitosan and chitosan-based adsorbents with dyes molecules were evaluated. Finally, future prospects of using chitosan as an adsorbent for the removal of dye molecules are directed.

Environmental occurrence, toxicity concerns, and remediation of recalcitrant nitroaromatic compounds.

Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are considered important groups of chemicals mainly produced by human and industrial activities. The large-scale application of these xenobiotics creates contamination of the water and soil environment. Despite applicability, NACs have been caused severe hazardous side effects in animals and human systems like different cancers, anemia, skin irritation, liver damage and mutagenic effects. The effective remediation of the NACs from the environment is a significant concern. Researchers have implemented physicochemical and biological methods for the remediation of NACs from the environment. Most of the applied methods are based on adsorption and degradation approaches. Among these methods, degradation is considered a versatile method for the subsequent removal of NACs due to its exceptional properties like simplicity, easy operation, cost-effectiveness, and availability. Most importantly, the degradation process does not generate hazardous side products and wastes compared to other methods. Hence, the importance of NACs, their remediation, and supreme attributes of the degradation method have encouraged us to review the recent progress and development for the removal of these perilous materials using degradation as a versatile method. Therefore, in this review, (i) NACs, physicochemical properties, and their hazardous side effects on humans and animals are discussed; (ii) Physicochemical methods, microbial, anaerobic bioremediation, mycoremediation, and aerobic degradation approaches for the degradation of NACs were thoroughly vetted; (iii) The possible mechanisms for degradation of NACs were investigated and discussed. (iv) The applied kinetic models for evaluation of the rate of degradation were also assessed and discussed. Finally, (vi) current challenges and future prospects of proposed methods for degradation and removal of NACs were also directed.

Occurrence, potential ecological risks, and degradation of endocrine disrupter, nonylphenol, from the aqueous environment.

Nonylphenol (NP) is considered a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical affecting humans and the environment. Due to widespread occurrence in the aquatic environment and neuro-, immuno, reproductive, and estrogenic effects, nonylphenol calls for considerable attention from the scientific community, researchers, government officials, and the public. It can persist in the environment, especially soil, for a long duration because of its high hydrophobic nature. Nonylphenol is incorporated into the water matrices via agricultural run-off, wastewater effluents, agricultural sources, and groundwater leakage from the soil. In this regard, assessment of the source, fate, toxic effect, and removal of nonylphenol seems a high-priority concern. Remediation of nonylphenol is possible through physicochemical and microbial methods. Microbial methods are widely used due to ecofriendly in nature. The microbial strains of the genera, Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, Thauera, Novosphingonium, Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Clostridium, Arthrobacter, Acidovorax, Maricurvus, Rhizobium, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus, Burkholderia, Acinetobacter, Aspergillus, Pleurotus, Trametes, Clavariopsis, Candida, Phanerochaete, Bjerkandera, Mucor, Fusarium and Metarhizium have been reported for their potential role in the degradation of NP via its metabolic pathway. This study outlines the recent information on the occurrence, origin, and potential ecological and human-related risks of nonylphenol. The current development in the removal of nonylphenol from the environment using different methods is discussed. Despite the significant importance of nonylphenol and its effects on the environment, the number of studies in this area is limited. This review gives an in-depth understanding of NP occurrence, fate, toxicity, and remediation from the environments.

Covalent organic frameworks as robust materials for mitigation of environmental pollutants.

Today, one of the main leading global problems is the presence of different pollutants in the environment. These pollutants not only affect human health but also overshadow the life of other creatures. Thus, pollutant treatment has become a challenging issue among the researchers and the scientific community. Different adsorbents and catalysts have been applied to the removal of pollutants. However, the associated limitations like poor chemical and physical stability, low surface area and low binding capacity revived researchers' attention to exploring alternative materials. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are versatile materials created based on the strong covalent interactions between blocked monomers. Unique features, including high specific surface area, high chemical-physical stability and crystallinity render COFs an intriguing sorbent and catalyst in treating pollutants. This review spotlights the applications of COFs as distinguished adsorbents to remove hazardous pollutants from the environment. At first, COFs and their properties as alternative materials were introduced. Then, different synthesis approaches of COFs and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed. Furthermore, the applications of COFs outlined to remove a wide variety of pollutants based on adsorption and degradation. Finally, the prospects of COFs for the treatment of pollutants were evaluated.

New frontiers and prospects of metal-organic frameworks for removal, determination, and sensing of pesticides.

Pesticides have been widely used in agriculture to control, reduce, and kill insects. Humans are also being using pesticides to control insidious animals in daily life. By these practices, a huge volume of pesticides is introduced to the environment. Despite broad-spectrum applicability, pesticides also have hazardous effects on both humans and animals at high and low concentrations. Long-term exposure to pesticides can cause different diseases, like leukemia, lymphoma, and cancers of the brain, breasts, prostate, testis, and ovaries. Reproductive disorders from pesticides include birth defects, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, sterility, and infertility. Therefore, the application of determination and treatment methods for pre-concentration and removal of these toxic materials from the environment appears a vital concern. To date, different materials and approaches have been employed for these purposes. Among these approaches, multifunctional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-assisted adsorption and determination processes have always been in the spotlight. These facts are due to exclusive properties of MOFs in terms of the crystallinity, large surface area, high chemical, and physical stability, and controllable structure as well as unique features of adsorption and determination process in terms of simple, easy, cheap, available method and ability to use in large and industrial scales. In the present work, we illustrate the exceptional features of MOFs as well as the possible mechanism for the adsorption of pesticides by MOFs. The use of these fantastic materials for pre-concentration and removal of pesticides are extensively explored. In addition, the performance of MOFs was compared with other adsorbents. Finally, the new frontiers and prospects of MOFs for the determination, sensing, and removal of pesticides are presented.

Covalent organic frameworks as emerging host platforms for enzyme immobilization and robust biocatalysis - A review.

In recent years, the synthesis and application of green and sustainable products have become global ecological and societal issues. Based on the principles of green chemistry, the application of different biocatalysts not only produce target products and decreases side effects but also enhances the selectivity and activity. Enzyme-based biocatalysts are very interesting due to their high catalytic performance, eco-friendly reaction systems, and selectivity. Immobilization is demonstrated as a favorable approach to improve the stability and recyclability of enzymes. Among different supports, porous and crystalline materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), represent an interesting class of support matrices for the immobilization of different enzymes. Owing to tunable physicochemical characteristics, a high degree of crystallinity, large specific surface area, superior adsorption capacity, pre-designable structure and marked stability, COFs might consider as perfect host materials for improving the desirable properties of enzymes, such as poor stability, low operational range, lack of repeatability, and products/by-products inhibition for large-scale applications. The enzyme-incorporated COFs have emerged as one of the hopeful ways to constitute tailor-made biocatalytic systems, which can be employed in an array of reactions. Highly porous nature of many COFs led to increased process output in contrast to other micro/nanoparticles. The enzymes can be integrated into COFs through different techniques, including physical adsorption and direct covalent attachment between the enzyme molecules and COFs or through a cross-linking agent. Herein, we discuss and highlight the synthesis methods, properties, and functionalization of COFs and the recent literature for the application of these materials in enzymes immobilization. Main approaches for immobilization of enzymes into COFs and the catalytic applications of these materials are also presented. This study offers new avenues to address the limitations of traditional enzyme immobilization supports as well as delivers new possibilities to construct smart biocatalytic systems for diverse biotechnological applications.

Magnetic metal organic framework for pre-concentration of ampicillin from cow milk samples.

The aim of this study is a present of a simple solvothermal synthesis approach to preparation of Cu-based magnetic metal organic framework (MMOF) and subsequently its application as sorbent for ultrasound assisted magnetic solid phase extraction (UAMSPE) of ampicillin (AMP) from cow milk samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-Ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) determination. Characteristics of prepared MMOF were fully investigated by different techniques which showed the exclusive properties of proposed sorbent in terms of proper functionality, desirable magnetic property and also high specific surface area. Different influential factors on extraction recovery including sorbent dosage, ultrasonic time, washing solvent volume and eluent solvent volume were assessed using central composite design (CCD) based response surface methodology (RSM) as an operative and powerful optimization tool. This is the first report for determination of AMP using MMOF. The proposed method addressed some drawbacks of other methods and sorbents for determination of AMP. The presented method decreases the extraction time (4 min) and also enhances adsorption capacity (250 mg/g). Moreover, the magnetic property of presented sorbent (15 emu/g) accelerates the extraction process which does not need filtration, centrifuge and precipitation procedures. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method is applicable for linear range of 1.0-5000.0 µg/L with detection limit of 0.29 µg/L, satisfactory recoveries (≥95.0%) and acceptable repeatability (RSD less than 4.0%). The present study indicates highly promising perspectives of MMOF for highly effective analysis of AMP in complicated matrices.

Hydrophilic molecularly imprinted nanospheres for the extraction of rhodamine B followed by HPLC analysis: A green approach and hazardous waste elimination.

In this work, hydrophilic molecularly imprinted nanospheres (MINs) were synthesized via surface imprinting technology and subsequently utilized as dispersant sorbent in matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) for the extraction of rhodamine B (RhB) as the illogical food additive dye from different foodstuffs, followed by HPLC analysis. By considering hydrophilicity of target analyte, the sol-gel route was chosen for the preparation of MINs in aqueous media at mild conditions. Most importantly, both synthesis and extraction steps were designed and performed in the line of green chemistry and hazardous waste was eliminated to minimize detrimental impact on the operator health and the environment. The reputable experimental design methodology was adopted to assist the condition optimization of MSPD, which comprehends the significance of the factors and their interactions with the least experimental runs. Under optimized MINs-MSPD-HPLC conditions, the detection limit of RhB was down to 0.14 µg kg-1 and excellent linearity over the wide range of 0.5-10000 µg kg-1 was attained. Furthermore, endogenous RhB was found in the tested food samples with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of ≤4.6%, and satisfactory recoveries were from 83.6 to 96.9%. The simple green MINs-MSPD method holds great potential for determination of trace RhB in complicated solid/semi-solid samples, showing rapidity, accuracy and reliability.

Green preparation of dual-template chitosan-based magnetic water-compatible molecularly imprinted biopolymer.

In the current study, a green method was used for the fabrication of dual-template chitosan-based magnetic water-compatible molecularly imprinted biopolymer in water without using organic and toxic reagents and then, its application as a sorbent for the simultaneous pre-concentration and determination of valsartan (VAL) and losartan (LOS) from urine samples followed by HPLC-UV. Chitosan was used as a multi-functional monomer due to its unique properties in terms of non-toxic, cost-effectiveness, readily available, biocompatible, biodegradable and easy to polymerize in mild condition. The proposed sorbent represents the exceptional properties in terms of green synthesis, high magnetic strength, bio-compatibility, high selectivity, fast equilibrium adsorption as well as high adsorption capacity. In the optimized conditions, the developed MMIP-DMSPE-HPLC/UV method showed a wide linear range of 5.0 - 1500.0 µg L-1 for VAL and 8.0 - 1500 µg L-1 for LOS and low LODs of 1.4 and 2.3 µg L-1 for VAL and LOS, respectively with RSD% values less than 5.0, (n = 5). The obtained recoveries were 95.6-100.2 % for VAL and 92.0-98.1 % for LOS which showed the applicability of green, water-compatible and bio-compatibility of the proposed method for neat and selective extraction of VAL and LOS from complicated urine samples.

Preparation of hollow porous molecularly imprinted and aluminum(III) doped silica nanospheres for extraction of the drugs valsartan and losartan prior to their quantitation by HPLC.

Water compatible hollow porous molecularly imprinted nanospheres (HP-MINs) have been prepared for specific recognition and extraction of the blood pressure regulating drugs valsartan (VAL) and losartan (LOS). All synthetic steps were performed in aqueous medium and without consumption of organic solvents. The morphology and functionality of the materials were characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM, and TEM techniques. The adsorption and selectivity experiments demonstrate that the HP-MINs possess a high binding capacity, fast kinetics, excellent water dispersibility and remarkable selectivity for VAL and LOS. The HP-MINs were utilized for dispersive solid phase extraction of VAL and LOS prior to their determination by HPLC-UV. Main variables and their interactions on extraction yield were optimized by multivariate analysis with least amount of experiments. Under optimized conditions, the method has a linear response in the 5-2000 µg L-1 concentration range of both VAL and LOS. The limits of detection are 1.5 µg L-1 for VAL and 1.4 µg L-1 for LOS. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) of valsartan (VAL) and losartan (LOS) from urine sample by hollow porous molecularly imprinted nanospheres (HP-MINs).

Synthesis of chitosan based molecularly imprinted polymer for pipette-tip solid phase extraction of Rhodamine B from chili powder samples.

The purpose work is devoted to design of a simple, one-pot and green approach for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer to construct a selective sorbent for pipette-tip solid phase extraction of Rhodamine B from chili powder samples and its subsequence separation and quantification by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/visible detection. The prepared molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized using chitosan as versatile natural multi-functional bio-monomer and Rhodamine B as template in aqueous media. The effects of influential parameters (sorbent dosage, flow rate and eluent solvent volume) and their influences on Rhodamine B extraction recovery were examined and optimized by central composite design based response surface methodology as a powerful multivariate optimization tool. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range and limit of detection and quantification of proposed method were achieved to be 0.005-15 mg kg-1, 0.0015 mg kg-1 and 0.00488 mg kg-1, respectively, with satisfactory recoveries (>85.0%) and excellent repeatability (relative standard deviation < 6.1%). The easy synthesis conditions as well as satisfactory figures of merit are good indication of applicability of suggested method for extraction and determination of Rhodamine B from chili powder samples in terms of simplicity, cost effectiveness, selectivity and accurate analysis.

Column packing elimination in matrix solid phase dispersion by using water compatible magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for recognition of melamine from milk samples.

This paper reports a new variant of sample clean-up procedure based on miniaturized matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) combining with water compatible magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIP) for preconcentration of melamine from milk samples prior high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. By employing MMIP as dispersant sorbent matrix interferences could be eliminated completely and the column packing step was interestingly omitted that decreasing in glassware expenditure, labor effort and extraction time which cause improvement of the method performance. In order to investigate the functionality, morphology and magnetic properties of the prepared MMIP, it was fully characterized by FT-IR, VSM, SEM, and TEM. Multivariate optimization was applied as a versatile statistical approach for evaluating the influence of the main variables and their interactions on extraction efficiency. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method exhibited a wide linear response in the concentration range of 250.0-5000.0 µg L-1, satisfactory recoveries for all samples (86.6% ≤), and supreme repeatability (RSD less than 6.3%) were achieved as well. The low limit of detection close to 67.0 µg L-1 implied high ability of proposed method for isolation of melamine from complicate milk sample. These befitting results demonstrated that the developed method is unique in terms of the facility, rapidly and least solvent consumption as well as accurate analysis of melamine at trace levels.